An original comparison of ESMA’s two annual reports shows that the number of fines fell 17%, while their mean value fell only 1.4%. An increase in non-fine measures obscures that shift in the headline count.
Eligible users can combine up to five option legs in one quote. Futures-style margin and a portfolio-auction liquidation process make the account mechanics central to the launch.
Shared collateral reduces transfers, but cross margin can expose eligible spot and Earn balances to derivatives losses; EEA USDT and DAI holdings receive no collateral value.
Unified Wallet removes transfers between eligible trading balances. Cross margin also exposes those balances to losses across positions, while custody and derivatives remain with separate regulated entities.