PumpSwap is the Solana automated market maker used by Pump’s graduated coins, alongside permissionless pools. It has no central customer order book or exchange deposit ledger. This profile covers the AMM and surrounding Pump consumer workflows; the current SDK generation also supports routes that traverse several pools or bonding curves in one instruction.[1]
DefiLlama’s 20 October 2026 capture recorded approximately $10.45 billion of 30-day PumpSwap turnover and around 790,000 active addresses in 24 hours. These are protocol observations, not audited registered-person counts. One trader can use many wallets, automated activity can be substantial, and routed trades can also appear in an aggregator’s statistics. The tracker’s pool methodology applies liquidity and trader filters, so its total is a defined measurement rather than a universal settlement census.[2]
Pools, markets and trading instructions
Sections ↑Market structure
| Component | How it works | What to distinguish |
|---|---|---|
| Canonical pool | The pool associated with a coin’s Pump graduation. | Canonical status is determined by program-derived pool authority, not merely the token name or an exchange badge.Source 3 |
| Permissionless pool | A creator chooses the token pair and supplies its initial reserves. | The initial reserve ratio establishes price. A pool existing does not establish a token’s issuer, backing or liquidity quality.Source 4 |
| Bonding curve | A launch’s initial market uses virtual reserves and a constant-product rule. | Trades can move the price sharply. The curve’s published trading charge is 1.25%; post-graduation pool rates differ.Source 5 |
| Custom pair | A coin can be quoted in an enabled asset other than SOL or USDC, including supported representations of external assets. | Verify the exact Solana mint. An identical symbol on another network is not the supported asset.Source 6 |
Direct AMM instructions distinguish exact output buys, exact input buys and exact input sells. A buy can cap total quote spent, including fees; an exact-input buy specifies minimum base output; a sell specifies minimum quote received after fees. These are transaction conditions, not guarantees that a standing order will fill later. The current v2 instructions require existing user token accounts and may incur account-creation or layout-extension rent elsewhere in the transaction.[7]
Multi-hop routes have one final minimum-output check and must run entirely in the buy direction or entirely in the sell direction. Pool legs must use canonical Pump pools; Mayhem pools and curves are excluded. A route need not place intermediate tokens in the user’s wallet. When the SOL leg is a pool it uses wrapped SOL; a bonding-curve leg uses native SOL, while still requiring the specified wrapped-SOL account.[8]
Pump’s frontend can monitor limit and take-profit instructions automatically. Fills may be partial, delayed or absent; cancellation can lose the execution race. Submitted transactions cannot be recalled. Monitor and cancel unwanted instructions explicitly; disconnecting is not cancellation.[9]
Pool rates, frontend charges and fee bases
Sections ↑The fee tier follows the coin’s market capitalisation, not the trader’s monthly turnover. The program selects the highest threshold already reached. A token moving between bands can therefore change trading costs even when the wallet has not changed its activity. Non-canonical pools follow a separate flat configuration. Market capitalisation is reserve-implied token price multiplied by supply; Pump launches use one billion tokens. In the table, m means million and lower bounds apply. Shared rates appear once; split rates follow SOL/USDC.[3]
Canonical pool tiers
| SOL cap | USDC cap | Total (SOL/USDC) |
|---|---|---|
| 0–420 | 0–59,000 | 1.250%Source 10 |
| 420–1,470 | 59,000–300,000 | 1.200%Source 10 |
| 1,470–2,460 | 300,000–500,000 | 1.150%Source 10 |
| 2,460–3,440 | 500,000–700,000 | 1.100%Source 10 |
| 3,440–4,420 | 700,000–900,000 | 1.050%Source 10 |
| 4,420–9,820 | 900,000–2m | 1.000%Source 10 |
| 9,820–14,740 | 2m–3m | 0.950%Source 10 |
| 14,740–19,650 | 3m–4m | 0.900%Source 10 |
| 19,650–24,560 | 4m–5m | 0.850%Source 10 |
| 24,560–29,470 | 5m–6m | 0.800%Source 10 |
| 29,470–34,380 | 6m–7m | 0.750%Source 10 |
| 34,380–39,300 | 7m–8m | 0.700%Source 10 |
| 39,300–44,210 | 8m–9m | 0.650%Source 10 |
| 44,210–49,120 | 9m–10m | 0.600%Source 10 |
| 49,120–54,030 | 10m–11m | 0.550%Source 10 |
| 54,030–58,940 | 11m–12m | 0.525% / 0.530%Source 10 |
| 58,940–63,860 | 12m–13m | 0.500%Source 10 |
| 63,860–68,770 | 13m–14m | 0.475% / 0.480%Source 10 |
| 68,770–73,681 | 14m–15m | 0.450%Source 10 |
| 73,681–78,590 | 15m–16m | 0.425% / 0.430%Source 10 |
| 78,590–83,500 | 16m–17m | 0.400%Source 10 |
| 83,500–88,400 | 17m–18m | 0.375% / 0.380%Source 10 |
| 88,400–93,330 | 18m–19m | 0.350%Source 10 |
| 93,330–98,240 | 19m–20m | 0.325% / 0.330%Source 10 |
| ≥98,240 | ≥20m | 0.300%Source 10 |
After the first band: 0.05% protocol, 0.20% LP, remainder creator. First-band shares: 0.93%, 0.02%, 0.30%, respectively.[10]
Non-canonical: 0.05% protocol/0.25% LP. Custom canonical: 0.05% creator/0.05% protocol/0.20% LP. Both total 0.30%; holder mode replaces the creator allocation with 0.01–3%.[10]
From 17 October 2026, web/app adds 0.45% (0.40% with referral) on SOL/USDC spent buying or received selling. Conditional orders retain placement rates; Terminal and third-party interfaces are excluded.[10]
Graduation costs 0.015 SOL: deducted from SOL curves; otherwise paid by the migrator, including a triggering user.[10]
Fees are paid in the paired asset, not the newly issued coin. A multi-pool route can collect protocol fees in a different asset from its creator and LP fees. Custom-pair assets bring their own price, issuer and infrastructure exposure, so a displayed dollar equivalent is not a cash account denominated in dollars.[6]
The current multi-hop instruction charges route-level protocol and creator/LP portions at designated legs. Older integrations that instead submit separate swaps can charge each pool separately. Inspect the actual route and version; the same two endpoint tokens do not establish the same total costs.[8]
The documented AMM charges no separate program trading fee for a liquidity deposit or withdrawal. Solana fees and account rent remain separate. LP fees accrue into pool reserves; they are not a promise of a fixed cash yield or protection against changes in the two-token inventory.[11]
Funding, LP redemption and reward withdrawals
Sections ↑Funding and exit lifecycle
| Action | Mechanics | Control or dependency |
|---|---|---|
| Fund the Pump wallet | The migration guide offers creating a new wallet and transferring funds from the old address. | Starting fresh leaves history at the old address. Preserve both addresses.Source 12 |
| Buy crypto through an integrated provider | The provider delivers purchased assets to the user’s wallet under its own terms and identity checks. | Provider availability and charges vary. The referral terms do not name a fixed provider or establish a reciprocal bank-withdrawal rail.Source 13 |
| Add liquidity | Supply the two required assets in the pool’s current ratio and receive LP tokens. | Quote helpers calculate the accompanying asset amount; a maximum-input/slippage bound controls the deposit instruction.Source 4 |
| Redeem liquidity | Specify LP tokens to burn; the withdrawal returns the corresponding base and quote assets, subject to minimum outputs. | A token sale is different: it exchanges inventory at the current curve price and pays trading fees.Source 4 |
| Claim creator fees | Sweep pending curve/pool fees to the designated creator vault before the applicable collection or distribution step. | Permissionless sweeping fixes the destination. Paying for a sweep does not confer ownership of another creator’s fees.Source 14 |
| Claim legacy cashback | Current claim instructions pay the recorded user, with SOL and token-quote handling. | A permissionless caller can submit a claim but cannot substitute itself as the beneficiary.Source 15 |
Redemption returns current inventory, not the original token amounts. Further conversion and an external off-ramp add their own costs. Keep LP tokens until redeeming: a direct burn without withdrawal does not release the underlying assets.[11]
Quiet pools can require an account-layout extension before deposit or withdrawal succeeds. Permissionless extend_account charges the caller a small rent difference. Distinguish this from an administrator pause, a missing account or a token restriction before repeating the withdrawal.[14]
Creator fee collection distinguishes ordinary creator vaults from fee-sharing configurations. SOL collection leaves rent-exempt balance behind; token-quote collection requires the right recipient token account. A creator’s displayed earned amount, the amount swept to a vault and the amount delivered to its wallet are different stages of the same lifecycle.[16]
Custody, administrative controls and token risks
Sections ↑Unspent wallet assets remain under the wallet’s signing control; assets supplied as liquidity sit in program-owned token vaults. PumpSwap’s documented administrator can update fee configuration and recipients, change the administrator and disable pool creation, deposits, withdrawals, buys or sells. These are available powers; the documentation does not establish that every power is currently exercised. Possessing an LP token therefore does not guarantee uninterrupted redemption.[11]
At graduation, the LP tokens corresponding to migrated bonding-curve liquidity are burned. That locks those shares rather than awarding the creator a redeemable LP balance. Separately added liquidity can still issue redeemable shares to its provider. The program distinguishes the retired privileged curve-withdrawal path from permissionless migration into PumpSwap; those permissions should not be conflated with the current AMM’s own administrator.[17]
A custom asset’s issuer or listing provider can impose narrower eligibility, freeze or disrupt transfers, or change its representation. Pump’s support list says it does not verify reserve backing, issuer solvency or redemption claims. Removal or an issuer event may freeze or convert affected pools. A quoted stock-market price is third-party reference data, not necessarily the executable price of the token paired against it.[6]
A September 2026 research preprint on the broader Pump launchpad identifies wash trading, creator-address obfuscation, coordinated selling, copycat tokens and social promotion manipulation. Its findings concern analysed launch activity and should not be read as a determination against every token or every PumpSwap trade. They explain why wallet counts, displayed turnover and social attention provide limited evidence of independent demand.[18]
Eligibility and access restrictions
Sections ↑Users must be adults. Prohibited territories include the UK, Cuba, Iran, North Korea, Syria, Russia, Belarus, Crimea, Donetsk and Luhansk, plus applicable comprehensively sanctioned territories and platform-listed exclusions.[9]
The supported-asset list and the code release differ in scope. The list updated 9 October describes one secondary-pair level; the 13 October SDK announcement enables another nested quote level. Technical support in a contract does not by itself establish that a particular consumer interface or legal asset list permits the same launch. Check the current pairing and terms together.[1]
Support, transaction records and complaints
Sections ↑Support and notices
Scope Official support; also available through the app/profile support control.
A trade result should be checked from its Solana transaction and program events. Current v2 events still report charged protocol, creator, LP and buyback amounts even when fee transfers wait until later. Zero-valued recipient keys can indicate deferred fee payout rather than a zero fee. A missing or stale frontend receipt is insufficient evidence that the wallet was never debited.[7]
Trade events record fee accrual; sweeps record payout. Counting both as income duplicates an amount. Preserve signatures, pool/mint addresses, LP changes, creator claims and wallet transfers. Documentation supplies events, but does not establish a universal customer statement, tax report or complete CSV with acquisition cost.[14]
For a failed or delayed transaction, check the actual account layout, balances and execution result before resubmitting. The technical FAQ explains that compute consumption depends on transaction inputs; a quoted compute budget does not guarantee confirmation. Simulation can reveal execution problems but also adds latency. No staffed emergency dealing service or binding response-time guarantee was established in the inspected support material.[19]
Send a dispute notice to [email protected] and by post to Baton Corporation Ltd, 82a James Carter Road, Mildenhall, Bury St. Edmunds, England IP28 7DE, Legal Department. Receipt starts 60 days of informal resolution, including a telephone conference. BVI IAC arbitration follows in Tortola, in English before one arbitrator, subject to exceptions. The one-year filing limit starts when the underlying facts arise and pauses during informal resolution. Arbitration opt-out: within 30 days of first acceptance, identifying the wallet. Mandatory law can override limitations.[9]
The privacy policy permits account/data deletion requests and describes generally one month for exercising data rights, extendable where lawful. That clock concerns privacy rights, not trade complaints or LP withdrawal processing. Blockchain records cannot be erased through account deletion; legal retention duties can also survive a closed login.[20]
Regulatory status and protection scope
Sections ↑The FCA’s Pump.fun warning, dated 3 December 2024 and still available when checked, states that the firm is unauthorised. It specifically says customers dealing with it do not have Financial Ombudsman Service access or FSCS protection for that relationship. This is a UK warning, not a worldwide licence determination. Neither an on-chain pool nor a mobile-app listing establishes regulated exchange permission.[21]
Operator, versions and material developments
Sections ↑Bracket Company Ltd owns the platform; Baton Corporation Ltd develops and operates it.[9]
The privacy policy separately names Baton as service data controller and Ireland’s Maius Imperium Ltd as mobile-app controller and app publisher. These roles should not be confused with token issuance by a user or with a reserve custodian for a supported asset.[20]
Changes affecting existing users
| Change | Current position | Consequence |
|---|---|---|
| Wallet sign-in retired | From 25 September 2026, 15:00 UTC, Pump web uses email, Google, Apple or GitHub sign-in; the app already used that model. | Existing exportable-wallet users have an official linking/import route. Hardware, multisig and other non-exportable wallets require a new-account transfer path.Source 12 |
| Multiple legal revisions | The inspected standalone swap.pump.fun terms payload still displays 22 October 2024. | The October 2026 consumer-fee and complaint details here apply to current Pump materials; inspect the terms attached to the interface actually used.Source 22 |
| Synthetic migration | A completing v3 curve buy can continue against the reserves destined for PumpSwap before the pool is created. | Both parts use curve fees. Once complete, the curve cannot trade again until migration creates the pool at the resulting reserve state.Source 23 |
| Legacy cashback | New cashback-coin creation is disabled; existing coins continue accruing qualifying cashback. | The correct instruction/accounts are necessary: an integration that omits cashback handling may send that fee to the creator instead.Source 24 |
The login change preserves API sessions. Linking an existing account retains its address, positions and social history. Google sign-in is blocked inside wallet browsers. A standard recovery withdrawal hold or support reconstruction of lost keys was not established.[12]
A May 2024 launchpad incident involved alleged misuse of privileged withdrawal authority. The contemporary report reproduces Pump’s statement that about 12,300 SOL was misappropriated and reports contract changes and resumed trading. It does not establish a complete reimbursement ledger. This historical bonding-curve incident should not be relabelled as a loss from every current PumpSwap pool.[25]
- Operator
- Bracket Company Ltd; Baton Corporation Ltd
- Exchange model
- Decentralised
- Service scope
- Solana AMM pools and related Pump workflows.
- Client types
- Not established
- Pricing publication
- Public pricing
- Pricing scope
- Pool type and market-cap bands.
- Funding scope
- Solana transfers, LP redemption and separate provider purchases.
- Custody and asset handling
- Wallet keys plus program-controlled LP assets and administration.
- Client eligibility
- Adult users outside prohibited territories; asset restrictions apply.
- Support
- Official support and legal notices.
- Authorisation and registration scope
- FCA warning; no UK FOS or FSCS protection for this relationship.
Exchange metadata checked 20 Oct 2026Source 1Source 9Source 11Source 10Source 21
Rewards, APIs and automated authority
Sections ↑The 7 October referral promotion is conditional: a new user’s first eligible provider purchase must be at least $1; the matching base is capped at $50. Each party can earn matching instalments across five qualifying UTC trading days within ten days from deposit confirmation: one-sixth on each of days one to four, two-sixths on day five. Withdrawals or reversals before final credit forfeit uncredited instalments. Review has no guaranteed completion time; uncredited rewards are not spendable cash.[13]
Holder-reward coins divert creator fees to a Pump-controlled rewards destination for later distribution to holders. There is no holder claim instruction; creation can be disabled globally. A regular coin can be converted through community takeover, but a holder-reward coin cannot revert to the ordinary model. Rewards depend on that distribution process, rather than giving a holder ownership of the creator vault.[26]
The high-level SDK builds application workflows; lower-level builders expose instructions, while the admin SDK exposes functions that still require the authorised admin key. Installing that package confers no such authority. A bot with a signing key can submit real trades and liquidity transactions; disabling its interface connection does not recover a disclosed key or reverse a confirmed transaction. No retail API-key withdrawal whitelist or published universal rate quota was established.[27]
Integrators must price against effective quote reserves, not the raw quote-vault balance. Pending protocol and creator fees remain inside the vault and are offset by a signed virtual-reserve value. For a hypothetical unboosted pool with 205 SOL in the quote vault and −5 SOL virtual adjustment, the effective quote reserve is 200 SOL. Sweeping those 5 SOL changes the vault and adjustment together without creating a price jump.[28]
Pump’s Tokenized Agent setting is not itself AI. It enables buyback-and-burn automation using creator-selected percentages, which the creator can change; the Tokenized Agent Authority is centrally controlled by Pump. Deposits are final and non-refundable, and the creator may claim funds not allocated to buybacks. It does not guarantee delivery of an external service or grant tokenholders rights to business revenue. Third-party AI tools interacting with it have their own execution risks.[29]
Sources & further reading
- Current protocol releases Pump · Accessed 20 Oct 2026
- PumpSwap activity snapshot DefiLlama · Accessed 20 Oct 2026
- Canonical pools and tier selection Pump · Accessed 20 Oct 2026
- SDK pool and LP workflows Pump · Accessed 20 Oct 2026
- Bonding-curve lifecycle Pump · Accessed 20 Oct 2026
- Supported Pair Assets Pump · 9 Oct 2026 · Accessed 20 Oct 2026
- AMM trade instructions v2 Pump · Accessed 20 Oct 2026
- Multi-hop swaps Pump · Accessed 20 Oct 2026
- Service terms Pump · 17 Oct 2026 · Accessed 20 Oct 2026
- Fees Pump · 17 Oct 2026 · Accessed 20 Oct 2026
- AMM structure and administrator Pump · Accessed 20 Oct 2026
- Wallet sign-in migration Pump · Accessed 20 Oct 2026
- Referral promotion terms Pump · 7 Oct 2026 · Accessed 20 Oct 2026
- Fee sweeps and account extension Pump · Accessed 20 Oct 2026
- Legacy cashback claims Pump · Accessed 20 Oct 2026
- Creator fee collection Pump · Accessed 20 Oct 2026
- Curve migration and burned liquidity Pump · Accessed 20 Oct 2026
- Meme Coin Factories research abstract Szwajcok et al. / arXiv · 9 Sep 2026 · Accessed 20 Oct 2026
- Compute-budget technical FAQ Pump · Accessed 20 Oct 2026
- Privacy and deletion policy Pump · Accessed 20 Oct 2026
- FCA Pump.fun warning Financial Conduct Authority · 3 Dec 2024 · Accessed 20 Oct 2026
- Standalone interface terms Pump · 22 Oct 2024 · Accessed 20 Oct 2026
- Synthetic graduation mechanics Pump · Accessed 20 Oct 2026
- Legacy cashback integration Pump · Accessed 20 Oct 2026
- May 2024 incident and operator statement International Business Times · 17 May 2024 · Accessed 20 Oct 2026
- Holder reward control Pump · Accessed 20 Oct 2026
- SDK 2.1.0 implementation Pump · Accessed 20 Oct 2026
- Effective reserves and fee offsets Pump · Accessed 20 Oct 2026
- Tokenized Agent control and risks Pump · Accessed 20 Oct 2026
This profile reports dated public information, including exchange-published services and terms. It does not independently test or guarantee trading, custody, pricing or withdrawals. Inclusion is not an endorsement. Permissions and protections apply only to the named legal entity, service and client category; check the current official records and your contract.
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